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Malignant hyperthermia

Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention
Alternative Names:
Hyperthermia - malignant; Hyperpyrexia - malignant
Symptoms:
  • Rapid rise in temperature following administration of anesthesia
  • Muscle rigidity and stiffness following administration of anesthesia
  • Dark brown coloration to urine
  • Muscle ache without obvious exercise to explain sore muscles
  • Family history of malignant hyperthermia or unexplained death during anesthesia
Signs and tests:
  • Blood chemistry (see chem-20) shows increased blood levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), potassium, uric acid, phosphate.
  • Myoglobin in the urine is elevated.
  • Muscle biopsy using an in vitro contracture test may show abnormal results in response to certain drugs such as caffeine and halothane (an anesthetic).
  • Muscle biopsy may show abnormal muscle, such as central cores, in some types.
  • Genetic testing such as ryanodine receptor (RYR1) may show gene abnormalities.
  • Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a research test, may show abnormal muscle function.
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